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I. SPANISH EXAM UPDATE
II. THANKS TO ALEX WHITMAN
III. ALMODÓVAR FILM EVENTS IN SEATTLE
IV. EXCHANGE WITH SPANISH STUDENTS
V. INTERNET SITES
VI. CALL FOR SUBMISSIONS - NEXT ISSUE OF CLAMOR
VII. NY TIMES ARTICLE ON PUERTO RICO
VIII. NUMBER OF LATINO STUDENTS INCREASING IN
WASHINGTON
IX. CARLOS V AND SPAIN
I. NSE Update from Oriana Cadman
The following teachers have chosen to participate in
the NSE this year: Lynn Kodama and Jennifer Jones from
Roosevelt H.S., Kaisa Swenddal-White from Auburn
Riverside H.S., Jill Chelimer, Cara Paradise, Antonio
Matas, and David Hanson from Shorewood H.S., Alina
Fuentes, Marilyn Snyder,
Robert Berg, Sheryl Mill, and Melana Williams from
Snohomish H.S., and Roberto del Valle from Shorecrest
H.S. We wish them well as they prepare their students
for the test.
II. THANKS TO ALEX WHITMAN
Alex Whitman:
On behalf of the AATSP I would like to thank you for
your willingness to coordinate the S.W. Idea Share
with me again this year. I know how hard you worked
trying to recreate the email list I had made last year
, the one I lost when they changed my browser at
school.
It is also appropriate to congratulate you at this
point for your great work initiating and inplementing
the Destinos telecourse at LCC. The recent article in
the paper about your class was great! We are always
proud when one of our members is featured locally.
Thanks, again.
Oriana Cadman
S.W. Vice-President
Juan de Fuca Chapter AATSP
III. ALMODÓVAR FILM EVENTS IN SEATTLE
DESIRE UNLIMITED:
AN INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE FILMS OF PEDRO
ALMODÓVAR
SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 17, 2001 : 9 A.M. - 5 P.M.
KANE HALL, ROOM 110, UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
Spanish director Pedro Almodóvar has emerged as one of
the most important filmmakers of the last two decades.
Both in his first movies, made shortly after the death
of Franco in 1975, and in hiis more recent films, he
tackles deeply engrained taboos and questions the
absolute categories of gender, sexuality and
nationality. His latest movie, All About My Mother,
was awarded the Oscar for Best Foreign Film in 2000.
Four distinguished scholars of Spanish film will
gather at the University of Washington to discuss
different aspects of Almodóvar's cinema in an all-day
session that includes a Spanish lunch.
Guest Speakers
* Paul Julian Smith, Professor of Spanish and Chair of
the Department at Oxford University (England), has
written the definitive book on Almodóvar. He will
speak on sexuality and gender in Almodóvar.
* Kathleen Vernon, Professor of Spanish at SUNY
Stonybrook, has written extensively on Spanish film
and edited an important book of essays on Almodóvar.
Her talk will analize Almodóvar's postmodern use of
popular music.
* Susan Martin-Márquez, Professor of Spanish at
Rutgers University, has just published a
ground-breaking book on feminism and Spanish cinema.
She will examine Almodóvar's films from a feminist
perspective.
* Tatjana Pavlovic, Assistant Professor of Spanish at
Tulane University, is one of the most promising young
scholars in the field of contemporary Spanish culture.
She will discuss the relationship between Almodóvar's
little-known literary writings and his cinema.
Registration (includes refreshments)
- Free for UW students, faculty and staff
- $40 all other participants (8 Washington State
clock hours for teachers; includes Spanish lunch
catered by the Paella King)
- $15 Spanish lunch for UW students, faculty and staff
(must RSVP by February 10)
- $15 for post-conference reception (Spanish wine
tasting and tapas)
To register, send the form below and a check in the
appropriate amount payable to the "University of
Washington Foundation" to: The Center for Spanish
Studies, Box 354360, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA 98195
______________________________
LAST NAME FIRST
NAME
______________________________
ADDRESS CITY
STATE ZIP
______________________________
DAYTIME PHONE
E-MAIL
______________________________
(TEACHERS ONLY:
SCHOOL/SCHOOL DISTRICT
GRADE LEVEL
)
This conference is cosponsored by the Simpson Center
for the Humanities and the Division of Spanish and
Portuguese, with support from the Center for West
European Studies, the Center for Spanish Studies, the
Cinema Studies Program and the Arts and Sciences
Exchange, University of Washington.
If you have any questions contact the Center for
Spanish Studies at 206/221-6571 or
spnrectr@u.washington.edu
DESIRE UNLIMITED: A PEDRO ALMODOVAR FILM SERIES
Sponsored by the Depts. of Spanish and Portuguese and
Comparative Literature, in conjunction with Spanish
491/C Lit 497B, Winter 2001. All screenings free and
open to the public:
Wednesday evenings, 7-9 PM / Odegaarde Library, room
220, University of Washington, Seattle
January 31: The Law of Desire (1987). Mistaken
identity, homosexual love, theater and film come
together in Almodovar's kinky mix of film noir and
soap opera.
February 7: Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown
(1988). Almodovar's first hit in the US features an
unfaithful advertising executive, his suicidal
girlfriend, his homocidal wife, spiked gazpacho and a
singing taxi driver in a madcap comedy.
February 14: Tie Me Up! Tie Me Down! (1989). Rikki is
released from a mental institution and searches out
Marina, a porn star with whom he has fallen in love.
After a number of escapes from each other, they wind
up driving off into the sunset.
February 21: Kika (1993). Almodovar reprises his major
themes of sexuality and women's subjectivity, this
time filtered, literally, through the lens of fashion
photographer Ramón.
February 28: All About My Mother (1999). Almodovar
achieves in this Academy Award winning film the
domestication of the outrageous, "normalizing"
transexuality while questioning the absolute
categories of father and mother.
To request disability accommodations, contact the
Office of the ADA Coordinator, preferably at least ten
days in advance: 543-6450 voice, 543-6452 tdd,
685-3885 fax, email: access@u.washington.edu
Contact:
Anthony L. Geist
Dept. of Romance Languages
Division of Spanish and Portuguese
Box 354360
University of Washington
Seattle, WA 98195
Office: (206) 543-5629
Fax: (206) 685-7054
IV. EXCHANGE WITH SPANISH STUDENTS
Francisco Javier Godoy es un profesor español
interesado en establecer un intercambio con alumnos
americanos para sus hijos. Tiene un hijo de 14 años y
otro de 15. Yo creo que está interesado en un
intercambio de un par de meses o algo así pero lo
mejor es que te pongas en contacto con él directamente
y lo más rápido posible si te interesa el intercambio.
Te incluyo aquí la información de contacto:
Francisco Javier Godoy del Olmo
C/ Greco N* 1 2-C
Talavera de la Reina (Toledo)
e-mail f.godoyp@teleline.es
V. INTERNET
Jay has recommended "these serious and high quality
sites on gay and lesbian Hispanic issues." Thanks,
Jay!
A Columbia U professor discusses how queer folk are
viewed in hispanic culture:
http://www.cc.columbia.edu/cu/libraries/events/sw25/case9.html
A bibliography of works on gay and lesbian hispanics:
http://wwwvms.utexas.edu/~demedina/biblio.htm
A gay and lesbian online latino issues magazine:
http://www.qvmagazine.com/
VI. NEXT EDITION OF OUR NEWSLETTER CLAMOR:
March 1 is the deadline for submissions to CLAMOR.
The topic of the spring edition is "Spring", including
national holidays in the Spanish and Portuguese
speaking world. (such as 5 de mayo (México) and 2 de
mayo (España). Please send your ideas and
contributions to our editors, Paloma Martínez-Carbajo
(martinezcarbajo@plu.edu) and Inés Miranda
(mirandia@plu.edu).
VII.
A New Governor Ushers in a New Era in Puerto Rico
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/06/politics/06LIVE.html
January 6, 2001
PUBLIC LIVES
By THE NEW YORK TIMES
SAN JUAN, P.R. -- Sila M. Calderón is the first to
admit that as a young adult she was not very fond of
politics. In fact, she was not very fond of work.
"Girls of certain families didn't have to work," said
Ms. Calderón, the daughter of a wealthy entrepreneur
whose holdings included ice cream factories and
hotels. "My American friends would work as waitresses
in the summer and I would go off to Europe with my
parents."
Today, Ms. Calderón is both a shrewd politician and a
bit of a workaholic. She believes that her parents,
who taught her that a lady should look nice and tend
to the home, would be proud, though her life bears
little resemblance to the traditional homemaker role
they had envisioned for her. After all, she did make
history this week.
On Tuesday, Ms. Calderón was inaugurated as Puerto
Rico's first female governor.
It was a day that brought thousands of supporters to
Old San Juan's streets. Choirs sang. The presidents of
Haiti, Venezuela, the Dominican Republic and Panama
looked on.
But after the musicians packed up and the dignitaries
had been whisked away following her swearing-in
ceremony, it seemed only fitting that Ms. Calderón
would turn to her parents. And she did just that with
a solitary stop on her way to La Fortaleza, the
governor's headquarters and mansion where she will
live and work during her four-year term.
"I went to their graves and just asked them to help
me," Ms. Calderón said.
She will need all the wisdom and strength she can
muster to tackle the numerous challenges ahead. Ms.
Calderón, who ran on the Popular Democratic Party
ticket, has already angered some politicians in
Washington by advocating that the United States Navy
immediately halt its bombing practices on Vieques
island. She also opposes United States statehood for
Puerto Rico, which her predecessor, Pedro Rosselló,
endorsed. And she comes after a scandal-prone
government that has left many citizens here weary and
distrustful of their leaders.
Ms. Calderón, 58, also knows that supporters of the
two losing political parties will be scrutinizing her
progress on her promises to deliver better services to
the poor, upgrade the island's water system and
general infrastructure and improve Puerto Rico's
image.
"I think the image has nothing to do with the reality
and I think that is one of my biggest challenges,"
Governor Calderón said.
She said Puerto Rico, a self-governing commonwealth of
the United States, suffered from misperceptions about
its economic stability and its patriotism. "We are
proud of our citizenship and share the same love of
democracy and liberty," she said. "At the same time we
have our own culture we want to protect."
She said she would personally take those messages to
Wall Street and Washington as an "ambassador" for
Puerto Rico.
BORN in San Juan in 1942, Governor Calderón grew up
steeped in the history of her native island. Her
father would spend hours recounting to her Puerto
Rican history and his admiration for the Popular
Democratic Party and its message of democracy and
social responsibility. And though he also emphasized a
traditional role for women, it is perhaps not
surprising that she was drawn to public life after
graduating from Manhattanville College in Purchase,
N.Y., where she received a bachelor's degree in
government.
Her first real introduction to government came in 1973
while attending the Graduate School of Public
Administration at the University of Puerto Rico. Her
labor relations professor liked her work so much that
when he left during the semester to become Puerto
Rico's secretary of labor he tapped her as his
executive assistant. It was a turning point that
introduced her to public service.
Over the next nearly three decades she would weave in
and out of both the private and public sector, working
her way up to vice president at Citibank and serving
for eight years as mayor of San Juan, the job she left
to become governor.
Because of what her parents taught her about history
and social responsibility, "when I was asked to go
into public service, I accepted." The mother of two
grown daughters and a son (she also has five
stepchildren from her 22-year second marriage) wants
to lead Puerto Rico into a new era of respect and
prosperity. But in the first days of tackling the
issues of governing here, she and her staff have been
distracted by more basic duties. They have had to
figure out how to work the computers and copy machines
in their new offices.
Less than 48 hours after her inauguration, Ms.
Calderón discovered that the transition of power from
Governor Rosselló, who departed without appointing
anyone to assist with the transition, will be far from
smooth. The staff could not find computer codes. A
news conference on Thursday was delayed by more than a
half hour because no one could figure out how to make
copies of news releases. And Ms. Calderón left one
visitor waiting for three hours because administrative
glitches threw her schedule off.
Yet ever mindful of her image, the new governor did
her best to stay on time and on point during one
important photo opportunity. As her staff worked
nervously behind the scenes on the headquarters
logistics, Ms. Calderón spent the early afternoon on
Thursday air-kissing and shaking hands with local
politicians at the governor's annual New Year's
protocol greeting at La Fortaleza. Now, with her
ceremonial duties tended to for the moment, the
governor wants to get on with, as she puts it, being a
"public administrator more than a politician."
She never liked the latter title to begin with.
"Politics has lost its prestige and doesn't have a
good name to it," she said.
She has drafted several laws intended to stem
corruption, which she hopes will restore the image of
government, at least in Puerto Rico. "We deserve a
government that's clean, open and honest just like we
are," she said.
Also not lost on her is that among the thousands of
supporters who lined Old San Juan's streets to view
her inauguration were young girls who were seeing a
new day in more ways than one at the birth of the new
millennium.
"When I was a little girl everybody who had power were
men," Governor Calderón said. "Now girls know that it
is very normal for power to be shared with men and
women."
The New York Times on the Web
http://www.nytimes.com
VIII. NUMBER OF LATINO STUDENTS INCREASING
The number of Hispanic students in Washington has
reached an all-time high, composing the largest ethnic
minority and the fastest-growing student population, a
study released yesterday shows.
* Read the full article at:
http://seattlep-i.nwsource.com/local/hisp06.shtml
IX. (De Jay) Actualmente hay una exhibición sobre
Carlos V en Toledo. Este tío que ha escrito el
artículo será mi profesor este semestre.
CARLOS V EN LA HISTORIA DE ESPAÑA
JOSÉ MARTÍNEZ MILLÁN Desde comienzos del reinado
de
Isabel II, la percepción de España como Estado
nacional comenzó a articular la interpretación del
pasado. Este sentimiento constituyó uno de los
elementos más característicos de los estudios
históricos durante el siglo XIX. El proceso de
identificación entre pueblo y nación, que se llevó
a
cabo durante el periodo del Romanticismo, provocó que
ésta se presentara resumida en su expresión estatal y
que se constituyese en el nuevo sujeto del proceso
histórico. Para los historiadores liberales, el
proceso de unificación del Estado-Nación era lo que
más preocupaba, de ahí que insistieran en los logros
y
fracasos de los monarcas en su empuje hacia la unión
nacional. Desde este presupuesto, los Reyes Católicos
constituían el paradigma de monarcas que habían
comprendido esta idea; a ellos se les atribuían unas
cualidades humanas excepcionales y una clarividencia
política inigualable. No obstante, la "gloriosa
evolución nacional" se había visto truncada con la
llegada de un rey extranjero, Carlos I.
En los libros de historia del siglo XIX, Carlos I
aparece como un monarca que quebró la evolución
política de la nueva monarquía que habían unificado
los Reyes Católicos. Pero además, fue considerado como
el monarca que inició la política de represión
de las
libertades hispanas tradicionales, que culminó su hijo
Felipe II. No hubo mayor interés por la figura del
emperador durante la Restauración. Ciertamente, la
historia de España y la imagen negativa que se tenía
de la dinastía de los Austrias cambió sustancialmente.
Cánovas influyó decisivamente en esta nueva creación;
concretamente, su esfuerzo intelectual consistió en
nacionalizar a los Austrias, presentándolos como el
"apogeo mismo de nuestra historia", al mismo tiempo
que las corrientes más conservadoras centraron las
nuevas bases interpretativas de nacionalización en el
catolicismo hispano como seña de identidad y en la
labor beneficiosa del Santo Oficio en este sentido.
Con todo, en la coyuntura entre siglos comenzó un
lento encuentro entre los historiadores y Carlos V de
la mano de un pequeño grupo de investigadores
profesionales (archiveros como Paz o Rodríguez Villa),
suscitado por sus relaciones con colegas extranjeros.
Por otra parte, las contradicciones en que se sumió la
monarquía (primero, con la dictadura de Primo de
Rivera, y después, con la proclamación de la
República) propiciaron que prendiera con fuerza la
idea de imperio; si bien, el resurgimiento de estos
estudios ya había comenzado en Alemania, donde también
se buscaba la manera de explicar una formación
política superestatal que justificase su evolución
político-institucional. En este sentido, Carlos V
aparecía como el personaje más idóneo para encontrar
la solución al problema. Fue en esta época cuando Karl
Brandi escribió su gran obra (1937), que tanto influjo
ha tenido en España, si bien, en el mismo año, fue
contestada por Menéndez Pidal, tratando de demostrar
la inspiración hispana de la idea imperial carolina.
La réplica no obedecía a simples cuestiones de
erudición; lo que Pidal pretendía era insertar a
Carlos V dentro de su concepto de historia de España,
soldando definitivamente el hiato que los
historiadores liberales del siglo XIX habían producido
entre los Reyes Católicos y la evolución histórica
posterior del siglo XVI. Para lograrlo, no reparaba en
que los personajes que consideraba como los creadores
de la idea imperial nunca gozaron de la confianza
plena de Carlos V. Tal planteamiento llevó a que otro
historiador, Doussinague, tratase de demostrar la
asimilación que Carlos hizo de las ideas políticas del
rey Fernando, cayendo en los mismos errores que Pidal.
La originalidad de esta afirmación radica -a mi
juicio- no en afirmar que el emperador abandonó, ya en
su juventud, su educación borgoñona para asumir las
ideas políticas y costumbres hispanas, sino en
atribuir al ideal de Carlos las mismas inquietudes que
la tradición historiográfica liberal conservadora
venía asignando a los Reyes Católicos como forjadores
de la unidad de España y defensores de la religión. A
partir de aquí, el camino se encontraba expedito para
escribir sobre Carlos V y, además, para hacerlo con
sentido dentro de la evolución de la historia de
España. Efectivamente, la siempre escasa bibliografía
sobre el emperador, realizada por españoles, comenzó
a
aumentar desde mitad del siglo XX; a ello contribuyó,
sin duda, la coincidencia de la conmemoración del IV
centenario de su muerte (1958).
No obstante, para estas fechas, los estudios sobre
Carlos V entraban en una nueva problemática fruto de
la historiografía del momento. El nuevo modelo
interpretativo se encontraba con la dificultad de dar
cuenta de los elementos que hicieron posible el
denominado "Estado moderno", lo que encajaba mal con
el concepto de imperio. Fue Vicens Vives quien planteó
con más radicalidad las contradicciones de semejantes
interpretaciones. Vives afirmó que no había logrado
descubrir una estructura administrativa común en el
imperio carolino, por lo que se imponía el estudio por
separado de la evolución político-administrativa de
cada uno de los territorios que estuvieron bajo su
dominio. A partir de entonces, ésta ha sido la manera
de enfocar el reinado del emperador en los diferentes
países de Europa. Ahora bien, tal enfoque ha producido
tantos Carlos V como naciones actuales existen dentro
de los territorios que compusieron sus dominios. Por
otra parte, el hecho de que el imperio carolino
estuviera formado por un conglomerado de reinos con
desigual organización y diferente administración no
permite concluir que careciese de unidad. Existieron
otros organismos (como la Casa, la Corte, etc.) que
dieron entidad y unión al imperio. En mi opinión,
solamente desde estos planteamientos se logrará
presentar la auténtica imagen que tuvo Carlos V, y
solamente entonces su figura podrá tomarse como
símbolo de unidad europea sin que los gobiernos
actuales del continente incurran en contradicción
entre sus deseos y la realidad histórica.
José Martínez Millán es profesor de Historia Moderna
en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.